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Vermilacinia polymorpha
''Vermilacinia polymorpha'' is a fruticose lichen infrequently found on Santa Catalina Island in the Channel Islands of California and along the mainland coast in Ventura and Orange counties. It has also been indicated to occur south into northwestern Baja California without reference to specimens to support its range extension,〔Bowler, P. A., R. E. Riefner, Jr., P. W. Rundel, J. Marsh & T.H. Nash, III. 1994. New species of ''Niebla'' (Ramalinaceae) from western North America. Phytologia 77: 23–37.〕 and shown to occur on the Vizcaíno Peninsula in central Baja California on a distribution map in a lichen flora, without reference to specimen data;〔Bowler, P. and J. Marsh. 2004. ''Niebla''. ‘Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert 2’:368–380.〕 however, specimen data from other sources indicate it does occur as far south as Punta Santa Rosalillita on the main peninsula of Baja California.,〔World Botanical Associates, ''Vermilacinia'' subgenus ''Vermilacinia'', retrieved 26 Nov 2014. http://www.worldbotanical.com/vermilacinia_subgenus_vermilacinia.htm〕 and also reported from Guadalupe Island〔Consortium of North American Lichen Herbaria, retrieved 26 Nov 2014, http://lichenportal.org/portal/taxa/index.php?taxon=55407&taxauthid=1〕
==Distinguishing features==
''Vermilacinia polymorpha'' may be recognized by a thallus divided into partly strap-like branches with irregularly widened parts, somewhat spoon-shaped, as shown in a “representative specimen” in the original publication by Peter Bowler and coauthors〔 reportedly collected by Richard E. Riefner, Jr. (''87-61a'', IRVC)〔IRCV is an standard acronym for the University of California, Irvine Herbarium, where the specimen collected by Richard Riefner Jr, numbered 87-51a) is deposited, the herbarium also listed in Index Herbariorum〕 from Aliso Canyon in Orange County, California. The authors had noted that the species “most closely resembles a deformed ''N. robusta'' which has smaller spores of 10–12 µm, inflated, rounded branches, and larger urn-shaped apothecia.” Richard Spjut, in his revision of ''Niebla'' and ''Vermilacinia'',〔Spjut, R. W. 1996. ''Niebla'' and ''Vermilacinia'' (Ramalinaceae) from California and Baja California. Sida Miscellany 14〕 indicated that ''V. polymorpha'' is distinguished by the “oblong branches (less than 10 times longer than wide)”; he commented that some forms were difficult to distinguish from ''Vermilacinia robusta'', while he was only able to briefly glance at the type while visiting Arizona State University in April 1996,〔 and that it is also distinguished by its smaller thallus with irregularly widened branches, compared to ''Vermilacinia paleoderma''.〔Spjut, R. 2000. Notes on the lichen ''Vermilacinia polymorpha'' (Ramalinaceae) and related species in Baja California, Mexico. IV. Symposium on botany research in Baja California and adjacent areas. Ensenada, B.C. Mexico, Sep. 13–17. Poster presentation〕
The type (biology) specimen, which was not shown in the original publication, was reported to have been collected by Janet Marsh on Santa Catalina Island〔 (''Marsh 6206'', ASU〔ASU is a standard acronym for Arizona State University Herbarium, in regard to where the type specimen collected by Janet Marsh was deposited, her collection number 6206〕). It differs in having irregularly widened branch parts near thallus base and narrower tubular segments above. The branches in the type specimen appear as long as 3 cm,〔Image of holotype for ''Niebla polymorpha'' (=''Vermlacinia polymorpha''), Consortium of North American Lichen Herbaria, Robin Schoeninger, retrieved 25 Nov 2014, http://lichenportal.org/portal/imagelib/photographers.php?phuid=5&imgcnt=64〕 and described to be up to 6 mm wide where flattened, especially flattened or inflated near base.〔
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